Essay on Population for Students in English | 500+ Words Essay

Essay on Population: The total number of lives living in a particular area is referred to as a population. The population of a particular region provides us with information about the estimated resources they require. India has the second largest population after China. A growing population requires a fast and growing economy, and its needs also change rapidly with time.

Essay on Population 500 Words in English

Below we have provided an essay on Population, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 school students.

The total number of persons residing in a geographic area is called the population. The evaluation of the population consists of gathering and analyzing data on the number of people in a geographic area. Thus, the population census is the headcount of all persons who live in a particular area at a given period.  It helps to determine the size and rate of population growth. It helps to access the standard of living. It reveals the rate of migration and determines the rate of unemployment. There has been a huge increase in population in the world. This is a major issue as there is the scarce of natural resources. It is necessary to control the population to limit their usage and save them for future generations.

India’s Population Crisis

India’s population is continuously increasing. This is creating various problems for future generations. India has a large population of approximately 138 crores. It is the second-largest populated country and is expected to overtake China by 2027. However, India’s population is steadily decreasing since the past decade. The average woman had five children fifty years ago; nowadays, this number is two. In 2019, BJP MP Rakesh Sinha launched a bill called as regulation bill 2019. It is focused to take action against people having more than two children. This bill seeks denial of financial benefits and food to such people. India has spent 7500 crores in family planning.  The population is a liability, not an asset. The huge population of India provides extensive workforce resources if appropriately utilised, which can increase the economic condition of India.

Causes of Population Growth

Technology is drastically changing human life. It is also affecting the population. In 1850, there were only 1 billion people on the planet. In 2011, our population reached 7 billion. This surge in growth came because of movements in agriculture and medicines. We have to take important steps to control it as the population is growing at a fast rate of 1 percent every year. Causes of population increase are-

• Poverty is one of the most significant contributing factors in the growth of the population. It causes a lack of educational resources, thus leading to an increase in population.
• Immigration rates are not calculated properly. This has led to an uncontrolled increase in population and is very problematic for the countries.
• Due to the huge advancements in research and medicine, the death rates have been lowered down. The diseases are easy to detect, and faster techniques are deployed to control them. Though death rates fall, birth rates are increasing at a constant rate, leading to a surge in population.
• The birth rates are continuously increasing. Many fertility treatments are available, which increases contraception. This causes pregnancies with fewer complications and much safer.
• People are not aware of family planning. Illiteracy rates are also a big reason for the increase in population. Getting married at an early age increases the chances of more kids.

Effects of Population Growth

There are various harmful effects of population growth. Few of them includes:-

• On Earth, we have a definite amount of resources like water, petroleum, etc. As populations are increasing every year, there are fewer resources for everyone. It can also cause conflicts between countries for resources.
• As our population increases, there is a shortage of natural resources leading to their exploitation. It causes more pollution. It causes climate change and global warming. This is a huge environmental problem.
• When the country becomes overpopulated, a deficiency of jobs takes place. It leads to poverty and financial instability.
• When there are more people and fewer resources, the cost of living increases. The price of food, shelter, and healthcare goes high. This means people have to pay more for a good quality of life, causing an upsurge in poverty.

Government Role in Controlling Population

Some steps were taken by the government to control the population are-

• The government has set a minimum age of marriage. It is 21 years for men and 18 years for women.
• Education changes the thinking of people. It leads to better family planning and fewer children by educated families. Most educated men and women do marriages late and plan children according to the norms of government.
• Proper supply of contraceptives has been enhanced, and now contraceptives are available easily online and offline both to control the number of births and unexpected pregnancies.
• Over 150 family planning clinics had been opened for implementing family planning programs to control the growth of the population.