500+ Words Essay on Unemployment in English
There is saying that “Give a man a fish, and he will be hungry again tomorrow; teach him to catch a fish, and he will be richer for all his life.” The importance of jobs in life is very significant to afford a good quality of life. Due to the increasing population and high competition, people are not able to grab jobs. This has led to recession and burden on the economy.
What is Unemployment?
It is defined as a situation in which a person who is willing to do a job fails to find a job that earns him/her a living. It does not include people who are not looking for jobs.
Types of Unemployment
The unemployment rates are increasing, showing the slowdown in the economy. Unemployment can be classified mainly in two categories one in urban areas and others in rural areas. The major part of India’s population lives in rural areas.
There are different types of unemployment – open, disguised, and seasonal. In Urban areas, the infrastructure is well developed, and there are a lot of advancements in technology. The main types of unemployment here are Industrial, educated, and technological development.
- Open unemployment – It is a case in which there is no work to do. People are willing to work, but there is no work available.
- Disguised unemployment – It is a situation in which some individuals are noticeably employed but are literally unemployed. It is in the agricultural sector where there are way more people working than required.
- Seasonal unemployment – It means the needs of the workers are only in particular seasons. It points to a time period where there is less requirement than normal season.
- Industrial unemployment – The illiterate people who can work in manufacturing industries are eager to do work but not getting any work in urban areas. It is called Industrial unemployment
- Educated unemployment – When the person is educated but not able to find a job according to his academic qualifications. Then, it is called educated unemployment.
- Technological Unemployment – Technological unemployment happens because of the advancement in technology. It has a significant impact on the organization, as productivity increases and efficiency enhances.
The most common types of unemployment in India is seasonal and disguised unemployment.
Reasons for Unemployment
- There are multiple reasons causing a great jump in the rate of unemployment. The biggest reason is the increasing rate of population. There is consistent growth in the population of India. The greater the population, the more the demands of the job seekers, but the advancement in technology causes a decrease in the labour force required.
- Another reason is the lack of education and skills among the youth. Job seekers are more, and well-skilled people are very less for the country. It is also called structural unemployment, where the skills needed for the job do not match the skills of the worker.
- The advancement in technology in this modern era is also taking away the jobs that can be handled by machines and systems. It has replaced unskilled labour, and the results are more effective and accurate. The production is faster, and the cost is minimised.
- Lack of capital threatens companies to pay for its operations. It makes it difficult to prepare for emergencies and sometimes difficult to pay its employees.
Consequences of Unemployment
There are severe consequences of unemployment, causing the economy to suffer. Mainly the people who are affected by it have to go through it. It causes an increase in suicide cases, stress levels boost up, crime rates surge, etc.
Unemployed people get demotivated and degrade their skills, which is bad for the economy. There are big impacts which include the loss of productive labour force in the country, which can help in growing GDP. It deteriorates the growth of businesses as well. As many unemployed people cannot afford basic commodities, it causes fewer sales in businesses.
Social causes of long term employment are very substantial. It affects the health of individuals and their families. There is less consumption of nutritious diet, including fruits and vegetables. It can stop their physical and mental development. Again, not creating a valuable asset for the economy in the long run.
Unemployment in India
In India, the biggest cause of unemployment is the increase in population. The Report of Census of India, Directorate General of Employment and Training, and National Sample Survey Organisation calculate the unemployment rate in India.
India is one of the fastest-growing major economies in the world, but if compared to such a great population, its unemployment rate is terrible. Nearly one crore people start falling into the working sector every year, but jobs created every year are very less.
The automation sector may cut off 50 per cent of the jobs in India. People will be hit by emerging technologies. In the agricultural sector, there is no fixed income; it eventually depends on the season. The majority of the time, farmers don’t have work to do.
More than 50 per cent of students lack the basic skills to be employed. This has led to an increase in unemployment in India. It is essential now to create more and more jobs. Encouraging more people to become entrepreneurs and start their businesses will lift the economy. It will create huge profits and transform society. People will be part of the solution rather than being a part of the problem.
Initiative by Government
The government has taken several steps to solve this significant issue. Some initiatives were launched to curb this problem of unemployment.
These initiatives include IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Programme), training for self-employment, NRY (Nehru Rozgar Yojana), Drought Prone area program, PMGSY (Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana), Employment Guarantee Scheme and more.
The Employment Guarantee Scheme ensures a minimum of 100 working days with wages to do unskilled work. Training for self-employment aims at reducing employment among the youth.
Moreover, the government is spending on irrigation, farms, and roads, etc. The government can take some more steps to reduce unemployment like population control, more Small- medium enterprises, good education system and improvement in agriculture.
Conclusion
Despite taking several initiatives, still, there is an increasing rate of unemployment in India. Governments have to regulate basic norms and take strict actions. Changing school curriculum’s and teaching students about finances, skills at an early age is more beneficial, and an asset to the economy.
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